Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

Churchill Otieno Saoke; Joseph Ngugi Kamau; Robert Kinyua; Yoshifumi Nishizawa; Izumi Ushiyama

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Robert Kinyua, Yoshifumi Nishizawa, Izumi Ushiyama

Published in American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 3 January 2015 Accepted: 29 January 2015 Published: 3 February 2015

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Abstract

Wind turbine rotors capture energy from moving wind, their capacity to perform this function depends on the coefficient of power (Cp) of the rotor. Through proper aerodynamic design, a rotor’s performance can be optimized to take advantage of the smallest available wind speed at any time to produce energy. In this research a computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed to model the best optimum dimensions of an inversely tapered rotor blade using Clark Y airfoil type rotor of 0.6 m diameter. The optimal design values obtained include; tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.5, lift coefficient to drag coefficient ratio of 1.1 and pitch angle of 8 degrees Using blade element momentum (BEM), the wing profile of each section of the blade was calculated and designed. The unique inverse tapering was done to achieve a better efficiency at the low wind speed range. This was used to fabricate a three blade rotor using carbon composites which was tested in the wind tunnel for Cp. Results showed very good performance of the inverse tapered type as compared with the tapered rotors. The maximum coefficient of power for the inversely tapered was found to be 0.313 at 8 m/s. Visualization test and particle image velocimetry (P.I.V). analysis showed that the inversely tapered rotor is more effective in converting wind power into shaft power than the tapered.

Published in	American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
Page(s)	6-14
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Horizontal Axis Small Wind Turbine, Inversely Tapered, Flow Visualization, Coefficient of Power

References

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[2]	I. Ushiyama and T. Pruwadi, Development of a Simplified Wind-Powered Water Pumping System in Indonesia, Wind Engineering, Vol. 16, No.1, (1992(\), pp.2-7
[3]	I.Ushiyama, Re-evaluation of Cooperative Technology for Developing Countries Based on the History of Technology, Japan Society of Education for History of Technology, Vol.2, (2000), pp.1-9
[4]	Y. Ohguro, R. Suegara, I. Ushiyama, K. Seki and H. Minami, Study of Straight Wing with Sail Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Vol.26, No.1, (2002), pp.67-70
[5]	E. H. Lysen, Introduciton to Wind Energy, Consultancy Servises Wind Energy Developing Countries, (1983), pp. 56-73
[6]	Y. Nishizawa, M. Suzuki, H. Taniguchi and I. Ushiyama, An Experimental Study of the Shapes of Blade for a Horizontal Axis Small Wind Turbines (Optimal Shape for Low Design Tip Speed of Rotor), JSME, B, Vol.75, No.753, (2009), pp.1092-1100
[7]	H. Ejiri, M. Suzuki, H. Taniguchi, Y. Nishizawa and I.Ushiyama, An Experimental Study o the Shape of Rotor for Horizontal Axis Small Wind Turbine and a Wing Let, JSME, B, Vol. 77, No.776, (2011), pp.924-928
[8]	Y. Nishizawa, C. Shengnig, R. Elson and I. Ushiyama, An Experimental Study on Performance of Curved- plate Blade Rotor, Renewable Energy, Vol.49, (2013), pp.6-9
[9]	I. Ushiyama, Y. Nishizawa and R.Elson, Development of Small Wind Turbine using Curved-plate Blade Rotor, Proceedings of 12th World Wind Energy Conference (WWEC2013), (2013), pp.1-6
[10]	Godfrey Boyle, et. al., Renewable Energy – Power for a Sustainable Future – Third Edition, Oxford, (2012), pp.297-362
[11]	Y. Nishizawa and I. Ushiyama, An Experimental Study of Horizontal Axis Sail Wing Type Small Windmills, JWEA - Wind Energy, Vol.32, No.3, (2008), pp.116-121
[12]	Saoke C.O., Kamau J. N., Nishizawa Y., Kinyua R., Ushiyama I., Nakajo Y., (2014). Design and Fabrication and Testing of a Low Speed Wind Turbine Generator Using Tapered Type Rotor Blade Made from Fibre Reinforced Plastic, International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy. Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.14

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APA Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Robert Kinyua, Yoshifumi Nishizawa, Izumi Ushiyama. (2015). Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). American Journal of Physics and Applications, 3(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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ACS Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke; Joseph Ngugi Kamau; Robert Kinyua; Yoshifumi Nishizawa; Izumi Ushiyama. Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2015, 3(1), 6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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AMA Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Robert Kinyua, Yoshifumi Nishizawa, Izumi Ushiyama. Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Am J Phys Appl. 2015;3(1):6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12,
  author = {Churchill Otieno Saoke and Joseph Ngugi Kamau and Robert Kinyua and Yoshifumi Nishizawa and Izumi Ushiyama},
  title = {Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)},
  journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  abstract = {Wind turbine rotors capture energy from moving wind, their capacity to perform this function depends on the coefficient of power (Cp) of the rotor. Through proper aerodynamic design, a rotor’s performance can be optimized to take advantage of the smallest available wind speed at any time to produce energy. In this research a computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed to model the best optimum dimensions of an inversely tapered rotor blade using Clark Y airfoil type rotor of 0.6 m diameter. The optimal design values obtained include; tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.5, lift coefficient to drag coefficient ratio of 1.1 and pitch angle of 8 degrees Using blade element momentum (BEM), the wing profile of each section of the blade was calculated and designed. The unique inverse tapering was done to achieve a better efficiency at the low wind speed range. This was used to fabricate a three blade rotor using carbon composites which was tested in the wind tunnel for Cp. Results showed very good performance of the inverse tapered type as compared with the tapered rotors. The maximum coefficient of power for the inversely tapered was found to be 0.313 at 8 m/s. Visualization test and particle image velocimetry (P.I.V). analysis showed that the inversely tapered rotor is more effective in converting wind power into shaft power than the tapered.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)
AU  - Churchill Otieno Saoke
AU  - Joseph Ngugi Kamau
AU  - Robert Kinyua
AU  - Yoshifumi Nishizawa
AU  - Izumi Ushiyama
Y1  - 2015/02/03
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
SP  - 6
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
AB  - Wind turbine rotors capture energy from moving wind, their capacity to perform this function depends on the coefficient of power (Cp) of the rotor. Through proper aerodynamic design, a rotor’s performance can be optimized to take advantage of the smallest available wind speed at any time to produce energy. In this research a computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed to model the best optimum dimensions of an inversely tapered rotor blade using Clark Y airfoil type rotor of 0.6 m diameter. The optimal design values obtained include; tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.5, lift coefficient to drag coefficient ratio of 1.1 and pitch angle of 8 degrees Using blade element momentum (BEM), the wing profile of each section of the blade was calculated and designed. The unique inverse tapering was done to achieve a better efficiency at the low wind speed range. This was used to fabricate a three blade rotor using carbon composites which was tested in the wind tunnel for Cp. Results showed very good performance of the inverse tapered type as compared with the tapered rotors. The maximum coefficient of power for the inversely tapered was found to be 0.313 at 8 m/s. Visualization test and particle image velocimetry (P.I.V). analysis showed that the inversely tapered rotor is more effective in converting wind power into shaft power than the tapered.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Churchill Otieno Saoke

Department of Physics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Joseph Ngugi Kamau

Department of Physics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Robert Kinyua

Department of Physics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Yoshifumi Nishizawa

Division of Renewable Energy, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga, Japan
Izumi Ushiyama

Division of Renewable Energy, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga, Japan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Robert Kinyua, Yoshifumi Nishizawa, Izumi Ushiyama. (2015). Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). American Journal of Physics and Applications, 3(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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ACS Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke; Joseph Ngugi Kamau; Robert Kinyua; Yoshifumi Nishizawa; Izumi Ushiyama. Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2015, 3(1), 6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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AMA Style

Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Robert Kinyua, Yoshifumi Nishizawa, Izumi Ushiyama. Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Am J Phys Appl. 2015;3(1):6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12,
  author = {Churchill Otieno Saoke and Joseph Ngugi Kamau and Robert Kinyua and Yoshifumi Nishizawa and Izumi Ushiyama},
  title = {Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)},
  journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20150301.12},
  abstract = {Wind turbine rotors capture energy from moving wind, their capacity to perform this function depends on the coefficient of power (Cp) of the rotor. Through proper aerodynamic design, a rotor’s performance can be optimized to take advantage of the smallest available wind speed at any time to produce energy. In this research a computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed to model the best optimum dimensions of an inversely tapered rotor blade using Clark Y airfoil type rotor of 0.6 m diameter. The optimal design values obtained include; tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.5, lift coefficient to drag coefficient ratio of 1.1 and pitch angle of 8 degrees Using blade element momentum (BEM), the wing profile of each section of the blade was calculated and designed. The unique inverse tapering was done to achieve a better efficiency at the low wind speed range. This was used to fabricate a three blade rotor using carbon composites which was tested in the wind tunnel for Cp. Results showed very good performance of the inverse tapered type as compared with the tapered rotors. The maximum coefficient of power for the inversely tapered was found to be 0.313 at 8 m/s. Visualization test and particle image velocimetry (P.I.V). analysis showed that the inversely tapered rotor is more effective in converting wind power into shaft power than the tapered.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Power Performance of an Inversely Tapered Wind Rotor and its Air Flow Visualization Analysis Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)
AU  - Churchill Otieno Saoke
AU  - Joseph Ngugi Kamau
AU  - Robert Kinyua
AU  - Yoshifumi Nishizawa
AU  - Izumi Ushiyama
Y1  - 2015/02/03
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
SP  - 6
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20150301.12
AB  - Wind turbine rotors capture energy from moving wind, their capacity to perform this function depends on the coefficient of power (Cp) of the rotor. Through proper aerodynamic design, a rotor’s performance can be optimized to take advantage of the smallest available wind speed at any time to produce energy. In this research a computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed to model the best optimum dimensions of an inversely tapered rotor blade using Clark Y airfoil type rotor of 0.6 m diameter. The optimal design values obtained include; tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.5, lift coefficient to drag coefficient ratio of 1.1 and pitch angle of 8 degrees Using blade element momentum (BEM), the wing profile of each section of the blade was calculated and designed. The unique inverse tapering was done to achieve a better efficiency at the low wind speed range. This was used to fabricate a three blade rotor using carbon composites which was tested in the wind tunnel for Cp. Results showed very good performance of the inverse tapered type as compared with the tapered rotors. The maximum coefficient of power for the inversely tapered was found to be 0.313 at 8 m/s. Visualization test and particle image velocimetry (P.I.V). analysis showed that the inversely tapered rotor is more effective in converting wind power into shaft power than the tapered.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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