Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of <i>Persicaria flaccida</i> on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Md. Sahab Uddin; Md. Nasrullah; Md. Sarwar Hossain; Md. Mosiqur Rahman; Md. Shahid Sarwar; Md. Shah Amran; Md. Golam Sadik; Mamunur Rashid; Md. Asaduzzaman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Md. Sahab Uddin, Md. Nasrullah, Md. Sarwar Hossain, Md. Mosiqur Rahman, Md. Shahid Sarwar, Md. Shah Amran, Md. Golam Sadik, Mamunur Rashid, Md. Asaduzzaman

Published in American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 10 February 2016 Accepted: 18 April 2016 Published: 14 May 2016

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Abstract

Oxidative stress is the leading cause of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The plant Persicaria flaccida (PF) is known in Bengali as red Biskatali belongs to family Polygonaceae. Preliminary studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective activities of Biskatali. In this consequence, methanolic extract of PF (MEPF) was selected to explore the ability of this plant to enhance cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity which can be used for the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MEPF on cognitive performance, brain antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats by using behavioral and biochemical study. Treatment with MEPF (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) was investigated for 14 days in Swiss albino male rats and its effects on different types of memory were examined using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test as well as level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat brain tissue homogenates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined by colorimetric method. Administration of highest dose of MEPF significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) decreased retention transfer latency (RTL) of rats on 7th and 14th day compared to the control group in EPM test. In PA test highest dose of MEPF meaningfully (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) increased step-through latency (STL) of rats on 7^th, 12^th, 13^th and 14^th day with respect to control group. Both doses of MEPF markedly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased escape latency (EL), increased time spent in the target quadrant (TSTQ) and time spent in the annuli (TSA) of rats on successive days as compared to that of control group in MWM test. MEPF administration, especially highest dose significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased the level of CAT, SOD, GSR, GST & GSH-Px and considerably (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased TBARS level & AChE activity in the brain tissue homogenates of rats compared to the control group. Behavioral and biochemical studies suggest that MEPF promotes cognitive function by improving different types of memory and reduces oxidative stress by increasing the level of brain antioxidant markers and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Therefore, this plant extract can be used for enhancing memory in neurodegenerative disorders like AD.

Published in	American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
Page(s)	26-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nootropic, Persicaria flaccida, Cognition, Brain Antioxidants Marker, Acetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer´s Disease

References

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Md. Sahab Uddin, Md. Nasrullah, Md. Sarwar Hossain, Md. Mosiqur Rahman, Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. (2016). Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 4(2), 26-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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Md. Sahab Uddin; Md. Nasrullah; Md. Sarwar Hossain; Md. Mosiqur Rahman; Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. Am. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016, 4(2), 26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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Md. Sahab Uddin, Md. Nasrullah, Md. Sarwar Hossain, Md. Mosiqur Rahman, Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016;4(2):26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12,
  author = {Md. Sahab Uddin and Md. Nasrullah and Md. Sarwar Hossain and Md. Mosiqur Rahman and Md. Shahid Sarwar and Md. Shah Amran and Md. Golam Sadik and Mamunur Rashid and Md. Asaduzzaman},
  title = {Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease},
  journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  abstract = {Oxidative stress is the leading cause of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The plant Persicaria flaccida (PF) is known in Bengali as red Biskatali belongs to family Polygonaceae. Preliminary studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective activities of Biskatali. In this consequence, methanolic extract of PF (MEPF) was selected to explore the ability of this plant to enhance cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity which can be used for the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MEPF on cognitive performance, brain antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats by using behavioral and biochemical study. Treatment with MEPF (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) was investigated for 14 days in Swiss albino male rats and its effects on different types of memory were examined using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test as well as level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat brain tissue homogenates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined by colorimetric method. Administration of highest dose of MEPF significantly (P th, 12th, 13th and 14th day with respect to control group. Both doses of MEPF markedly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased escape latency (EL), increased time spent in the target quadrant (TSTQ) and time spent in the annuli (TSA) of rats on successive days as compared to that of control group in MWM test. MEPF administration, especially highest dose significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased the level of CAT, SOD, GSR, GST & GSH-Px and considerably (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased TBARS level & AChE activity in the brain tissue homogenates of rats compared to the control group. Behavioral and biochemical studies suggest that MEPF promotes cognitive function by improving different types of memory and reduces oxidative stress by increasing the level of brain antioxidant markers and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Therefore, this plant extract can be used for enhancing memory in neurodegenerative disorders like AD.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
AU  - Md. Sahab Uddin
AU  - Md. Nasrullah
AU  - Md. Sarwar Hossain
AU  - Md. Mosiqur Rahman
AU  - Md. Shahid Sarwar
AU  - Md. Shah Amran
AU  - Md. Golam Sadik
AU  - Mamunur Rashid
AU  - Md. Asaduzzaman
Y1  - 2016/05/14
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
SP  - 26
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-426X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
AB  - Oxidative stress is the leading cause of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The plant Persicaria flaccida (PF) is known in Bengali as red Biskatali belongs to family Polygonaceae. Preliminary studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective activities of Biskatali. In this consequence, methanolic extract of PF (MEPF) was selected to explore the ability of this plant to enhance cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity which can be used for the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MEPF on cognitive performance, brain antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats by using behavioral and biochemical study. Treatment with MEPF (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) was investigated for 14 days in Swiss albino male rats and its effects on different types of memory were examined using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test as well as level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat brain tissue homogenates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined by colorimetric method. Administration of highest dose of MEPF significantly (P th, 12th, 13th and 14th day with respect to control group. Both doses of MEPF markedly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased escape latency (EL), increased time spent in the target quadrant (TSTQ) and time spent in the annuli (TSA) of rats on successive days as compared to that of control group in MWM test. MEPF administration, especially highest dose significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased the level of CAT, SOD, GSR, GST & GSH-Px and considerably (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased TBARS level & AChE activity in the brain tissue homogenates of rats compared to the control group. Behavioral and biochemical studies suggest that MEPF promotes cognitive function by improving different types of memory and reduces oxidative stress by increasing the level of brain antioxidant markers and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Therefore, this plant extract can be used for enhancing memory in neurodegenerative disorders like AD.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Md. Sahab Uddin

Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Nasrullah

Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Sarwar Hossain

Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Mosiqur Rahman

Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Shahid Sarwar

Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
Md. Shah Amran

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Golam Sadik

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Mamunur Rashid

Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Asaduzzaman

Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Md. Sahab Uddin, Md. Nasrullah, Md. Sarwar Hossain, Md. Mosiqur Rahman, Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. (2016). Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 4(2), 26-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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Md. Sahab Uddin; Md. Nasrullah; Md. Sarwar Hossain; Md. Mosiqur Rahman; Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. Am. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016, 4(2), 26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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Md. Sahab Uddin, Md. Nasrullah, Md. Sarwar Hossain, Md. Mosiqur Rahman, Md. Shahid Sarwar, et al. Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016;4(2):26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12,
  author = {Md. Sahab Uddin and Md. Nasrullah and Md. Sarwar Hossain and Md. Mosiqur Rahman and Md. Shahid Sarwar and Md. Shah Amran and Md. Golam Sadik and Mamunur Rashid and Md. Asaduzzaman},
  title = {Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease},
  journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20160402.12},
  abstract = {Oxidative stress is the leading cause of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The plant Persicaria flaccida (PF) is known in Bengali as red Biskatali belongs to family Polygonaceae. Preliminary studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective activities of Biskatali. In this consequence, methanolic extract of PF (MEPF) was selected to explore the ability of this plant to enhance cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity which can be used for the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MEPF on cognitive performance, brain antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats by using behavioral and biochemical study. Treatment with MEPF (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) was investigated for 14 days in Swiss albino male rats and its effects on different types of memory were examined using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test as well as level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat brain tissue homogenates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined by colorimetric method. Administration of highest dose of MEPF significantly (P th, 12th, 13th and 14th day with respect to control group. Both doses of MEPF markedly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased escape latency (EL), increased time spent in the target quadrant (TSTQ) and time spent in the annuli (TSA) of rats on successive days as compared to that of control group in MWM test. MEPF administration, especially highest dose significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased the level of CAT, SOD, GSR, GST & GSH-Px and considerably (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased TBARS level & AChE activity in the brain tissue homogenates of rats compared to the control group. Behavioral and biochemical studies suggest that MEPF promotes cognitive function by improving different types of memory and reduces oxidative stress by increasing the level of brain antioxidant markers and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Therefore, this plant extract can be used for enhancing memory in neurodegenerative disorders like AD.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Nootropic Activity of Persicaria flaccida on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Implication for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
AU  - Md. Sahab Uddin
AU  - Md. Nasrullah
AU  - Md. Sarwar Hossain
AU  - Md. Mosiqur Rahman
AU  - Md. Shahid Sarwar
AU  - Md. Shah Amran
AU  - Md. Golam Sadik
AU  - Mamunur Rashid
AU  - Md. Asaduzzaman
Y1  - 2016/05/14
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
SP  - 26
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-426X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20160402.12
AB  - Oxidative stress is the leading cause of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The plant Persicaria flaccida (PF) is known in Bengali as red Biskatali belongs to family Polygonaceae. Preliminary studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective activities of Biskatali. In this consequence, methanolic extract of PF (MEPF) was selected to explore the ability of this plant to enhance cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity which can be used for the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MEPF on cognitive performance, brain antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats by using behavioral and biochemical study. Treatment with MEPF (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) was investigated for 14 days in Swiss albino male rats and its effects on different types of memory were examined using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Morris Water Maze (MWM) test as well as level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat brain tissue homogenates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined by colorimetric method. Administration of highest dose of MEPF significantly (P th, 12th, 13th and 14th day with respect to control group. Both doses of MEPF markedly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased escape latency (EL), increased time spent in the target quadrant (TSTQ) and time spent in the annuli (TSA) of rats on successive days as compared to that of control group in MWM test. MEPF administration, especially highest dose significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) increased the level of CAT, SOD, GSR, GST & GSH-Px and considerably (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) decreased TBARS level & AChE activity in the brain tissue homogenates of rats compared to the control group. Behavioral and biochemical studies suggest that MEPF promotes cognitive function by improving different types of memory and reduces oxidative stress by increasing the level of brain antioxidant markers and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Therefore, this plant extract can be used for enhancing memory in neurodegenerative disorders like AD.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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