Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades

M. Khaliquzzaman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades

M. Khaliquzzaman

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 3-1)

Received: 3 April 2015 Accepted: 4 April 2015 Published: 15 April 2015

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Abstract

Large scale use of groundwater for irrigation which is often Arsenic laden, during past two decades, has given rise to the apprehension that this may be resulting in higher Arsenic intake through the food chain. This work was undertaken to determine the trend of average Arsenic exposure of the population in Bangladesh during the period 1990-2010. Based on available data on individual food items, an average estimate of the level of both total and inorganic Arsenic intakes through food chain in Bangladesh have been made using the market basket approach; which is a widely used protocol for such work. The results have been discussed in the light of available information in literature. The results obtained show no significant change in the average intake of inorganic Arsenic during the period. The level of total Arsenic exposure does not also show statistically significant increase in uptake during the study period. Consequently, it is concluded that no restriction is needed on the use of groundwater in irrigation from Arsenic exposure risk consideration of the population. Now that there is no WHO recommended tolerable limit for intake of Arsenic, nationally acceptable limits have to be determined probably by considering cost-benefit analysis.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 3-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground Water Arsenic Contamination and Action Plan for Mitigation
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
Page(s)	43-49
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater, Total Arsenic, Inorganic Arsenic, Food-chain, Market Basket

References

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[4]	USFDA(2010): Total Diet Study Statistics on Element Results Market Baskets; U.S. Food and Drug Administration December 14, 2010
[5]	INPPAZ (2002): Latin American Total Diet Study Workshop Report (2002), Pan American Institute for Food Safety and Zoonosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[6]	A. H. Milton, G. Ranmuthugala, W. Smith, R. M. Douglas, J. Ng, M. Sim, An Intervention Trial to Assess the Contribution of Food Chain to Total Arsenic
[7]	Exposure, 2002) (www.developmentgateway.com.au/pdf/ health/Arsenic_Abstract_ANU_2.pdf )
[8]	M. Khaliquzzaman and A. H. Khan, Arsenic Exposure of Bangladesh Population through Food Chain, Report prepared for SEARO WHO, Delhi (2003) (URL: phys4.harvard.edu/~wilson/arsenic/references/Khaliquzzaman_2003.doc )
[9]	S.M. Imamul Huq, Ray Correll, Ravi Naidu, J.C. Joardar, Marzia B.Abdulalh and Umme K.Shila, ARSENIC IN FOOD CHAIN: REMEDIAL POSSIBILITIES. (phys4.harvard.edu/~wilson/arsenic/conferences/DCH.../Imamul%20Huq.ppt).
[10]	Huq SM, Joardar JC, Parvin S, Correll R, Naidu R., Arsenic contamination in food-chain: transfer of arsenic into food materials through groundwater irrigation. J. Health Popul Nutr. 2006 Sep;24(3):305-16.
[11]	JECFA(2011) Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives : Safety evaluation of certain contaminants in food Prepared by the Seventy-second meeting , 2011(WHO Food Additives Series: 63)
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[17]	L, J. Yost, R. A. Schoof and R. Aucoin (1998), Intake of Inorganic Arsenic in the North American Diet. Human Ecol Risk Assess, 4: 137-152.
[18]	R. Naidu, Geogenic Arsenic and associated toxicity problems in the groundwater-soil-plant-animal-human continuum, Expert Group Meeting on Arsenic, Nutrition and Food Chain (2001), Pub: UNICEF, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka
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APA Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. (2015). Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(3-1), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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ACS Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(3-1), 43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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AMA Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(3-1):43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15,
  author = {M. Khaliquzzaman},
  title = {Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3-1},
  pages = {43-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  abstract = {Large scale use of groundwater for irrigation which is often Arsenic laden, during past two decades, has given rise to the apprehension that this may be resulting in higher Arsenic intake through the food chain. This work was undertaken to determine the trend of average Arsenic exposure of the population in Bangladesh during the period 1990-2010. Based on available data on individual food items, an average estimate of the level of both total and inorganic Arsenic intakes through food chain in Bangladesh have been made using the market basket approach; which is a widely used protocol for such work. The results have been discussed in the light of available information in literature. The results obtained show no significant change in the average intake of inorganic Arsenic during the period. The level of total Arsenic exposure does not also show statistically significant increase in uptake during the study period. Consequently, it is concluded that no restriction is needed on the use of groundwater in irrigation from Arsenic exposure risk consideration of the population. Now that there is no WHO recommended tolerable limit for intake of Arsenic, nationally acceptable limits have to be determined probably by considering cost-benefit analysis.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades
AU  - M. Khaliquzzaman
Y1  - 2015/04/15
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 43
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
AB  - Large scale use of groundwater for irrigation which is often Arsenic laden, during past two decades, has given rise to the apprehension that this may be resulting in higher Arsenic intake through the food chain. This work was undertaken to determine the trend of average Arsenic exposure of the population in Bangladesh during the period 1990-2010. Based on available data on individual food items, an average estimate of the level of both total and inorganic Arsenic intakes through food chain in Bangladesh have been made using the market basket approach; which is a widely used protocol for such work. The results have been discussed in the light of available information in literature. The results obtained show no significant change in the average intake of inorganic Arsenic during the period. The level of total Arsenic exposure does not also show statistically significant increase in uptake during the study period. Consequently, it is concluded that no restriction is needed on the use of groundwater in irrigation from Arsenic exposure risk consideration of the population. Now that there is no WHO recommended tolerable limit for intake of Arsenic, nationally acceptable limits have to be determined probably by considering cost-benefit analysis.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3-1
ER  -

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Author Information

M. Khaliquzzaman

Environment Team, World Bank Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. (2015). Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(3-1), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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ACS Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(3-1), 43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

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AMA Style

M. Khaliquzzaman. Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(3-1):43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15,
  author = {M. Khaliquzzaman},
  title = {Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3-1},
  pages = {43-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.s.2015030301.15},
  abstract = {Large scale use of groundwater for irrigation which is often Arsenic laden, during past two decades, has given rise to the apprehension that this may be resulting in higher Arsenic intake through the food chain. This work was undertaken to determine the trend of average Arsenic exposure of the population in Bangladesh during the period 1990-2010. Based on available data on individual food items, an average estimate of the level of both total and inorganic Arsenic intakes through food chain in Bangladesh have been made using the market basket approach; which is a widely used protocol for such work. The results have been discussed in the light of available information in literature. The results obtained show no significant change in the average intake of inorganic Arsenic during the period. The level of total Arsenic exposure does not also show statistically significant increase in uptake during the study period. Consequently, it is concluded that no restriction is needed on the use of groundwater in irrigation from Arsenic exposure risk consideration of the population. Now that there is no WHO recommended tolerable limit for intake of Arsenic, nationally acceptable limits have to be determined probably by considering cost-benefit analysis.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trend of Arsenic Exposure through the Food-Chain in Bangladesh for the Past Two Decades
AU  - M. Khaliquzzaman
Y1  - 2015/04/15
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 43
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030301.15
AB  - Large scale use of groundwater for irrigation which is often Arsenic laden, during past two decades, has given rise to the apprehension that this may be resulting in higher Arsenic intake through the food chain. This work was undertaken to determine the trend of average Arsenic exposure of the population in Bangladesh during the period 1990-2010. Based on available data on individual food items, an average estimate of the level of both total and inorganic Arsenic intakes through food chain in Bangladesh have been made using the market basket approach; which is a widely used protocol for such work. The results have been discussed in the light of available information in literature. The results obtained show no significant change in the average intake of inorganic Arsenic during the period. The level of total Arsenic exposure does not also show statistically significant increase in uptake during the study period. Consequently, it is concluded that no restriction is needed on the use of groundwater in irrigation from Arsenic exposure risk consideration of the population. Now that there is no WHO recommended tolerable limit for intake of Arsenic, nationally acceptable limits have to be determined probably by considering cost-benefit analysis.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3-1
ER  -

Copy | Download