Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria

Alao Joseph Omeiza; Dogara Matoh Dary

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria

Alao Joseph Omeiza, Dogara Matoh Dary

Published in World Journal of Applied Physics (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 17 October 2017 Accepted: 13 November 2017 Published: 11 January 2018

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Abstract

The study seeks to evaluate potential environmental impact on surface and groundwater as well as aquifer protective capacity to suggests possible solutions in some section of Kaduna Millennium City. A total of thirty Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with current electrode spacing of a maximum of 200 m. The Interpreted data revealed the weak aquifer protective capacity zones which were found in some parts of northeast and central parts (VES stations A4, A5, A6, B4, C3 and C4) with its longitudinal conductance range from 0.114 – 0.194 Ω^-1 which represent 20% of the study area. Average/good aquifer protective capacity zones has longitudinal conductance ranging from 0.210 – 0.559 Ω^-1. These zones covered twenty-four (24) VES stations which represent 80% of the study area and it is characterized with high thickness and low resistivity values of the weathered and fracture basement. Hence recommended for borehole siting. Similarly, the aquifer deep zones where the adjourning rocks are highly resistive (VES stations A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, D2, and E3) were also determined for siting waste and sewage disposals. However, the work also suggests that the urban associated development programs due to anthropogenic activities should be properly planned to avoid areas that are prone to contamination.

Published in	World Journal of Applied Physics (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
Page(s)	1-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sewage, Protective Capacity, Contamination, Longitudinal Conductance

References

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[2]	Idris, G. N., Asuen, G. O., and Ogundele, O. J. (2014). Environmental Impact on Surface and Ground Water Pollution from Mining Activities in Ikpeshi, Edo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Geosciences. Vol 5, 749-755.
[3]	Manuel Arrubarrena-Moreno and Claudia Arango-Galván (2013). Use of electrical resistivity tomography in the study of soil pollution caused by hydrocarbons: Case study in Puebla (México). Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. Vol 65, p. 419-426.
[4]	Adeniran A. J. (2013). Environmental Disasters and Management: Case Study of Building Collapse in Nigeria. International Journal of Construction Engineering & Management 2(3), 39-45.
[5]	Dogara M. D., Aboh, H. O., Kogi, K. A., (2016): Subsurface Investigation for Groundwater at Ungwan Maji, Dan Hono Kaduna, Nigeria. Journal of the Nigeria Association of Mathematical Physics (37) 199-204.
[6]	Oyawoye, M. O. (1970). The Basement Complex of Nigeria, In: Dessauvagie, TFJ and Whiteman, A. J (Eds) African Geology. Ibadan: University Press, Ibadan Nigeria.
[7]	Dogara Matoh Dary, Alao Joseph, Abdullahi Hassan, Ezekiel Jacob, George Jackson, Ahammed Rais Auwal, (2017). Delineation of the Geotechnical Parameters Within the Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Corporation Layout. World Journal of Applied Physics. Vol. 2, No. 3, 2017, pp. 36-42.
[8]	Dogara, M. D., and Alao, J. O, (2017). Exploration for Gypsum Using Electrical Resistivity Methods at Ikpeshi, Edo State Nigeria. KADA Journal, Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna (1) 1, 66-77.
[9]	Kearey, P., Brooks, M., and Hill, I. (2002). An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration. Third Edition.
[10]	Austin and Gabriel (2015). Determination of Dar-zarrouk parameters for prediction of Aquifer protective capacity: A case of Agbani Sandstone Aquifer, Enugu State, Southeastern Nigeria. Int. Res. J. Geol. Min. 5(1):12-19.
[11]	Aboh, H. O. (2009): Assessment of the aquifers in some selected villages in Chikun local government area, Kaduna state, Nigeria. Science World Journal Vol 4 (No 2) 37-42.
[12]	Aweto, K. E. (2012). Aquifer vulnerability assessemtn atOke-Ila area, Southwestern Nigeria. Intl. J. Phys. Sci. 6(33), 7574-7583.
[13]	Abdullahi, N. K. and Udensi, E. E. (2008): Vertical Electrical Sounding Applied to Hydrogeologic and Engineering Investigations: A Case Study of Kaduna Polytechnic Staff Quarters, Nigeria. Nig. J of Phys, 20 (1), 175-188.
[14]	Loke, M. H. (1999). Electrical Imaging Surveys for Environmental and Engineering Studies. A practical guide to 2-D and 3-D surveys. Malaysia.
[15]	Olorufemi M. O, Ojo JS, Akintunde O. M. (1999). Hydrogeophysical evaluation of the groundwater potential of Akure metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria. J. Min. Geol. 35(2): 207–228.
[16]	Oladapo M. I., Akintorinwa O. J., (2007). Hydrogeophysical study of Ogbese Southwestern, Nigeria. Global J. Pure and App. Sci. 13(1): 55–61.

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Alao Joseph Omeiza, Dogara Matoh Dary. (2018). Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World Journal of Applied Physics, 3(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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ACS Style

Alao Joseph Omeiza; Dogara Matoh Dary. Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World J. Appl. Phys. 2018, 3(1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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AMA Style

Alao Joseph Omeiza, Dogara Matoh Dary. Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World J Appl Phys. 2018;3(1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11,
  author = {Alao Joseph Omeiza and Dogara Matoh Dary},
  title = {Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria},
  journal = {World Journal of Applied Physics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjap.20180301.11},
  abstract = {The study seeks to evaluate potential environmental impact on surface and groundwater as well as aquifer protective capacity to suggests possible solutions in some section of Kaduna Millennium City. A total of thirty Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with current electrode spacing of a maximum of 200 m. The Interpreted data revealed the weak aquifer protective capacity zones which were found in some parts of northeast and central parts (VES stations A4, A5, A6, B4, C3 and C4) with its longitudinal conductance range from 0.114 – 0.194 Ω-1 which represent 20% of the study area. Average/good aquifer protective capacity zones has longitudinal conductance ranging from 0.210 – 0.559 Ω-1. These zones covered twenty-four (24) VES stations which represent 80% of the study area and it is characterized with high thickness and low resistivity values of the weathered and fracture basement. Hence recommended for borehole siting. Similarly, the aquifer deep zones where the adjourning rocks are highly resistive (VES stations A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, D2, and E3) were also determined for siting waste and sewage disposals. However, the work also suggests that the urban associated development programs due to anthropogenic activities should be properly planned to avoid areas that are prone to contamination.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria
AU  - Alao Joseph Omeiza
AU  - Dogara Matoh Dary
Y1  - 2018/01/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
T2  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JO  - World Journal of Applied Physics
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6008
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
AB  - The study seeks to evaluate potential environmental impact on surface and groundwater as well as aquifer protective capacity to suggests possible solutions in some section of Kaduna Millennium City. A total of thirty Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with current electrode spacing of a maximum of 200 m. The Interpreted data revealed the weak aquifer protective capacity zones which were found in some parts of northeast and central parts (VES stations A4, A5, A6, B4, C3 and C4) with its longitudinal conductance range from 0.114 – 0.194 Ω-1 which represent 20% of the study area. Average/good aquifer protective capacity zones has longitudinal conductance ranging from 0.210 – 0.559 Ω-1. These zones covered twenty-four (24) VES stations which represent 80% of the study area and it is characterized with high thickness and low resistivity values of the weathered and fracture basement. Hence recommended for borehole siting. Similarly, the aquifer deep zones where the adjourning rocks are highly resistive (VES stations A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, D2, and E3) were also determined for siting waste and sewage disposals. However, the work also suggests that the urban associated development programs due to anthropogenic activities should be properly planned to avoid areas that are prone to contamination.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Alao Joseph Omeiza

Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
Dogara Matoh Dary

Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria

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APA Style

Alao Joseph Omeiza, Dogara Matoh Dary. (2018). Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World Journal of Applied Physics, 3(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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ACS Style

Alao Joseph Omeiza; Dogara Matoh Dary. Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World J. Appl. Phys. 2018, 3(1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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AMA Style

Alao Joseph Omeiza, Dogara Matoh Dary. Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria. World J Appl Phys. 2018;3(1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11,
  author = {Alao Joseph Omeiza and Dogara Matoh Dary},
  title = {Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria},
  journal = {World Journal of Applied Physics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjap.20180301.11},
  abstract = {The study seeks to evaluate potential environmental impact on surface and groundwater as well as aquifer protective capacity to suggests possible solutions in some section of Kaduna Millennium City. A total of thirty Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with current electrode spacing of a maximum of 200 m. The Interpreted data revealed the weak aquifer protective capacity zones which were found in some parts of northeast and central parts (VES stations A4, A5, A6, B4, C3 and C4) with its longitudinal conductance range from 0.114 – 0.194 Ω-1 which represent 20% of the study area. Average/good aquifer protective capacity zones has longitudinal conductance ranging from 0.210 – 0.559 Ω-1. These zones covered twenty-four (24) VES stations which represent 80% of the study area and it is characterized with high thickness and low resistivity values of the weathered and fracture basement. Hence recommended for borehole siting. Similarly, the aquifer deep zones where the adjourning rocks are highly resistive (VES stations A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, D2, and E3) were also determined for siting waste and sewage disposals. However, the work also suggests that the urban associated development programs due to anthropogenic activities should be properly planned to avoid areas that are prone to contamination.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Aquifer Vulnerability to Surface Contamination: A Case of the New Millennium City, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria
AU  - Alao Joseph Omeiza
AU  - Dogara Matoh Dary
Y1  - 2018/01/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
T2  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JO  - World Journal of Applied Physics
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6008
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20180301.11
AB  - The study seeks to evaluate potential environmental impact on surface and groundwater as well as aquifer protective capacity to suggests possible solutions in some section of Kaduna Millennium City. A total of thirty Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration with current electrode spacing of a maximum of 200 m. The Interpreted data revealed the weak aquifer protective capacity zones which were found in some parts of northeast and central parts (VES stations A4, A5, A6, B4, C3 and C4) with its longitudinal conductance range from 0.114 – 0.194 Ω-1 which represent 20% of the study area. Average/good aquifer protective capacity zones has longitudinal conductance ranging from 0.210 – 0.559 Ω-1. These zones covered twenty-four (24) VES stations which represent 80% of the study area and it is characterized with high thickness and low resistivity values of the weathered and fracture basement. Hence recommended for borehole siting. Similarly, the aquifer deep zones where the adjourning rocks are highly resistive (VES stations A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, D2, and E3) were also determined for siting waste and sewage disposals. However, the work also suggests that the urban associated development programs due to anthropogenic activities should be properly planned to avoid areas that are prone to contamination.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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