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Unrivaled Incandescent Lamp for Green Energy Project
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
1-15
Received:
2 May 2016
Accepted:
13 May 2016
Published:
27 May 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.wjap.20160101.11
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Abstract: After the study on the confines of the commercial incandescent lamps, we have a conclusion that the both of the W-filament lamps and LED lamps already have the optimized as the power hungry incandescent lamps. Only FL lamps have a capability for the significant improvement in the consumed energy and quantum efficiency. We have studied the FL lamps with the different viewpoints from the established technologies in the past for 80 years. The Ar gas space fills up with the negative electric field. The electric insulating vacuum breaks out by the formation of the volumes of the glow lights at the both ends of the Ar gas space, which act as the cathode and anode of the internal DC electric circuit in Ar gas space. The FL lamp provides the superconductive vacuum for the moving electrons, giving rise to the astronomical quantum efficiency. We have developed the coil-EEFL lamps that brilliantly light up under the external DC driving circuit with WDC = 0 with a longer life. The lighting conditions and the WDC= 0 do not changed with the coil-EEFL lamps in air and in the vacuum-sealed container. The coil-EEFL lamps in the parallel connection in the vacuum-sealed container with WDC = 0 can be operated with the combination of asolar cell and a battery.
Abstract: After the study on the confines of the commercial incandescent lamps, we have a conclusion that the both of the W-filament lamps and LED lamps already have the optimized as the power hungry incandescent lamps. Only FL lamps have a capability for the significant improvement in the consumed energy and quantum efficiency. We have studied the FL lamps ...
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Low Level Carbon Detection in Steel Alloys Based on Optimization of Observation Conditions of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in Ambient Air
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
16-19
Received:
10 May 2016
Accepted:
20 July 2016
Published:
6 August 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.wjap.20160101.12
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Abstract: In this study, we present results regarding the application of a relatively simple bench-top laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic (LIBS) technique working in the UV/visible spectral region for the rapid, direct and sensitive quantification of the element carbon in steel alloys under ambient air standard conditions. We carry out further optimization studies and investigate the influence of the gate delay time of the electron multiplier charged-coupled device (EMCCD) detector on the emission properties, namely signal and background intensities as well as signal-to-background ratio (SBR), of the previously selected CI 396.14 nm spectral line. Moreover, we study and compare various methods employed to construct analytical calibration functions of the carbon line under investigation. Furthermore, the analytical figures of merit are evaluated in each case.
Abstract: In this study, we present results regarding the application of a relatively simple bench-top laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic (LIBS) technique working in the UV/visible spectral region for the rapid, direct and sensitive quantification of the element carbon in steel alloys under ambient air standard conditions. We carry out further optimizatio...
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Anisotropic Stars with a Prescribed Form of Metric Potential Z
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
20-25
Received:
26 July 2016
Accepted:
8 August 2016
Published:
31 August 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.wjap.20160101.13
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Abstract: Assuming a linear equation of state and charged anisotropic matter, in this paper we obtain two new classes of exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell system with a particular form of the metric potential Z deduced for Malaver (2016). A physical analysis of electromagnetic field indicates that is regular in the origin and well behaved. The obtained models not admit singularities in the charge density and the matter at the centre.
Abstract: Assuming a linear equation of state and charged anisotropic matter, in this paper we obtain two new classes of exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell system with a particular form of the metric potential Z deduced for Malaver (2016). A physical analysis of electromagnetic field indicates that is regular in the origin and well behaved. The obtained...
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First-Principles Local Density Plus Virtual Crystal Approximations Study of HgCdTe
Wei Zeng,
Qi-Jun Liu,
Zheng-Tang Liu
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
26-29
Received:
8 September 2016
Accepted:
14 October 2016
Published:
10 November 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.wjap.20160101.14
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Abstract: We have calculated the structural, elastic, mechanical and electronic properties of cubic Hg0.5Cd0.5Te by using the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA) plus virtual crystal approximation (VCA). Compared with the previous experimental and theoretical data of cubic Hg0.5Cd0.5Te, our calculated results demonstrate the adequacy of using the LDA+VCA for HgCdTe, which is expected to help people design new tellurium based multi-alloys using VCA.
Abstract: We have calculated the structural, elastic, mechanical and electronic properties of cubic Hg0.5Cd0.5Te by using the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA) plus virtual crystal approximation (VCA). Compared with the previous experimental and theoretical data of cubic Hg0.5Cd0.5Te, our calculated...
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